Breast cancer remains one of the most serious health challenges for women globally — and Albania is no exception. According to the Institute of Public Health (ISHP), breast cancer accounts for around 11% of all new cancer cases each year, ranking as the leading individual cancer risk among Albanian women. The epidemiological picture in the country closely mirrors global trends, showing a steady increase in new diagnoses over the past decade.
A Growing Health Concern
Currently, approximately 5,000 women in Albania are living with breast cancer. In 2024 alone, health authorities recorded 805 new cases among women and 14 cases among men. These numbers represent a 23% increase compared to 2015, or an average annual rise of 2.1%. Such growth highlights both improved diagnostic capabilities and a real increase in disease prevalence.
Age as a Defining Risk Factor
The likelihood of being diagnosed with breast cancer increases significantly with age. In Albania, the highest incidence is observed in women aged 50–70 years. Data show that most of the rise in overall incidence is driven by cases among women over 50, where rates have increased by about 3.6% per year. By contrast, there has been a modest 1.9% decline among women under 50.
The median age at diagnosis has shifted from 55 years in 2015 to nearly 59 in 2024, reflecting both the aging of the population and a demographic convergence with European Union countries. This evolution underscores the importance of targeted awareness and screening programs for older women, who are at the highest risk.
The Impact of Screening and Early Detection
One of the most encouraging trends is the increase in mammography screenings across Albania. A decade ago, only about 5,000 mammograms were performed annually. Today, that number exceeds 25,000 per year (2022–2024), marking a fivefold increase. As a result, approximately 25% of the target female population now receives regular breast cancer screening — a crucial step toward early detection and effective treatment.
Breast cancer screening in Albania is completely free through the public healthcare system. Women can access these services through their family doctors or local health centers, where healthcare professionals provide education, perform basic clinical examinations, and refer patients for mammography.
Women aged 50–60 years are invited to undergo mammography every two years, particularly if they show no clinical symptoms. Additionally, those with a higher genetic or familial risk are advised to be screened more frequently.
Results from Mobile Mammography Units
A unique and valuable initiative in Albania’s breast cancer strategy is the use of mobile mammography units, which reach women in rural and underserved areas. Data from the ISHP show that these mobile units identify over 10 suspected cases of breast cancer each year, and approximately 50 cases are diagnosed early thanks to nationwide screening programs.
Early diagnosis plays a critical role in improving outcomes. When detected in its initial stages, breast cancer is far more treatable, and survival rates can exceed 90%. Conversely, late detection often leads to more complex treatment and reduced survival rates.
Awareness and Prevention: Key to Progress
Despite advances in screening and diagnosis, public awareness remains essential. Many women still delay screening due to fear, lack of information, or misconceptions about mammography. Regular self-examination, timely doctor visits, and participation in national screening programs can dramatically reduce the mortality rate associated with breast cancer.
Educational campaigns — particularly those promoted in October, Breast Cancer Awareness Month — have helped increase participation in screening programs. However, experts emphasize that awareness efforts must continue year-round to sustain behavioral change and encourage early detection.
Moving Forward: Strengthening the System
The ISHP report calls for continued investment in screening infrastructure, digital mammography equipment, and training for healthcare staff. It also highlights the need for better coordination between primary care providers and oncology centers, ensuring that every woman diagnosed receives prompt and comprehensive care.
Moreover, health authorities are working to align Albania’s national cancer control strategy with EU standards, focusing on prevention, data collection, and patient support networks. Such efforts could help stabilize incidence rates and improve survival outcomes in the coming years.
Breast cancer in Albania represents a growing challenge but also a major opportunity for progress through early detection and prevention. The increasing number of mammograms and the rising median age at diagnosis suggest that awareness efforts and screening programs are making an impact.
Yet, the fight against breast cancer requires continuous vigilance — from both the healthcare system and the community. Regular screening, awareness campaigns, and timely treatment remain the most effective tools to protect women’s health and reduce the burden of this disease in Albania.