In Albania, a quiet but profound shift is occurring in the world of adoption, mirroring trends seen across the globe. The increasing empowerment and emancipation of women, coupled with a declining birth rate, has significantly impacted the number of children available for adoption. While these developments are largely positive indicators of societal progress, they present a new challenge for the National Adoption Committee and for the many hopeful parents seeking to build their families through adoption.
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| At the "Queen Geraldine" Obstetric and Gynecological University Hospital, Rainy Day, May 2024 |
This phenomenon, where the demand for adoption vastly outstrips the supply, is a direct result of several intersecting social factors. As women achieve greater economic independence and social support, fewer are forced into the agonizing decision to place their children for adoption, even in cases of unexpected pregnancy or difficult life circumstances. The societal stigma surrounding single motherhood is also slowly receding, contributing to more mothers choosing to raise their children themselves.
Alma Sulstarova, the Director of the National Adoption Committee, confirms this trend. While she highlights the positive outcome of fewer children being abandoned, she also notes the resulting shortage of children available for prospective parents. "All the work done for the emancipation of girls and their economic empowerment, for strengthening the family, has yielded a positive result," Sulstarova states. "Very few girls who have accidents during their lives decide to abandon their children. Therefore, the number [of adoptable children] for this reason is smaller."
High Demand, Especially from the Albanian Diaspora
Despite the dwindling numbers, the demand for adoption remains consistently high, both within Albania and from the Albanian community abroad. Sulstarova confirms that the NAC continues to receive a high volume of applications.
"The great demands are not only from inside the country, from Albanian couples or single mothers, but also from our emigrants abroad, and foreigners," she explains. The desire of the Albanian diaspora to maintain a strong connection to their homeland and contribute to its future often manifests in the choice to adopt an Albanian child. This not only fulfills their dream of parenthood but also ensures the child grows up immersed in their cultural heritage.
Interestingly, despite the reduced number of available children, the NAC has managed to facilitate an impressive number of adoptions. Sulstarova proudly notes: "This year we have realized more adoptions than last year. So far we have completed 20 such adoptions. The most joyful moment for us was when we managed to adopt three children from the same family, by a foreign family." This success underscores the meticulous and dedicated work being carried out by the Committee to match children with suitable, loving homes, even in a challenging environment.
The Rise of Single-Parent Adoptions: A Cultural Marker
Perhaps one of the most compelling and culturally significant shifts Sulstarova highlights is the growing number of adoption requests from single mothers. This trend is a powerful indicator of changing societal views on family structure and female autonomy in Albania.
"There are endless requests for adoption from single mothers, who feel they are in a strong economic position," Sulstarova reveals. These women, increasingly recognizing their independence, are boldly challenging traditional family norms. Their determination is a source of inspiration and further proof that the concept of a "complete family" is evolving.
Sulstarova recounts a particularly memorable conversation with one prospective single mother that illustrates this new mindset. When asked if the child might be an obstacle should a potential partner or marriage opportunity arise, the woman's response was profound: "If that partner will not accept me together with the child, he is not the right partner for me." This statement perfectly encapsulates the self-assurance and prioritization of maternal desire that defines this new wave of single-parent applicants. It signifies a fundamental change where a woman's happiness and the creation of her family unit take precedence over traditional expectations of marriage.
Commitment to Post-Adoption Monitoring
The process, however, does not end once the child is placed with their new family. The National Adoption Committee maintains a stringent commitment to post-adoption monitoring to ensure the child’s well-being and successful integration.
For domestic adoptions, the Committee tracks the progress of every case for two consecutive years, maintaining continuous contact with the adoptive family. This meticulous follow-up is crucial for addressing any potential challenges and providing ongoing support, thereby safeguarding the child’s stability and happiness.
For inter-country adoptions, the responsibility is shared. A mediation agency is tasked with monitoring the child's life and adaptation process abroad after the adoption is finalized. This international cooperation ensures that every adopted Albanian child, regardless of where they live, continues to thrive in their new environment.
The evolving adoption landscape in Albania is a complex tapestry woven from social progress, demographic changes, and deeply held desires for parenthood. As the country continues to empower its women and redefine its family structures, the National Adoption Committee stands at the forefront, diligently working to unite children in need with loving, supportive homes, even as the challenge of scarcity grows.